Yefimov Yuriy Sergeyevich General data:
20.11.1935 - 21.10.2011
Place of birth: Dnepropetrovsk city, Dnepropetrovsk region, Ukrainian SSR
Studied in: Ural Polytechnic Institute, Serdlovsk city, Russian SSR (since February 2, 2011 was included to First President of Russia B. M. Yeltsin Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg City, the Russian Federation (1953-1954); M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (1954-1958);
Key interests: AGNs, polarimetry. PhD Thesis: Polarimetry of eruptive stars (1987 );
Biography:
He was born on November 20, 1935 in Dnipropetrovsk city of Dnipropetrovsk region of the Ukrainian SSR.
During 1953-1954 he was a student of the Ural Polytechnic Institute in Sverdlovsk city.
During 1954-1958 he was a student of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University.
He has been a member of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory since 1958 and the Isaac Newton Chilean Institute in Crimea.
In 1987 he defended his dissertation "Polarimetry of eruptive stars".
He showed in 1980 that the pollen model of the orbital shell with varying dust sizes can explain many features of photometric and colorimetric behavior at the stage of dust shell formation in PU Vul: 2) reddening of the star with attenuation of brightness and shifted spectra in the blue spectrum in the region of minimum brightness of the star; 3) rapid variations in gloss and color in the area of minimal gloss and others. Comparison of the calculated curves with the observed data allowed us to conclude that the deep minimum of PU Vul gloss of 1980 was caused by the formation around the hot component of the dust shell system with silicate particles growing from molecular sizes to interstellar particle sizes with an average speed of 0.001 μm / day.
He also observed polarized radiation from the active nuclei of galaxies.
He died on October 21, 2011 in Simferopol city.
The first works of the scientist were devoted to theoretical calculations of magnetic amplification of spectral lines and television observations of stars and artificial satellites of the Earth. In the mid-1960s, he began polarizing stars. He developed a method for measuring the linear polarization of eruptive star radiation during rapid changes in their brightness, modernized the stellar polarimeter to observe the linear polarization of fast processes in stars. Subsequently, this technique was used at the Institute of Astronomy of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR and at the Astronomical Observatory of the A. M. GorkyKharkiv National University named after (since 1999 V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University). Received new important results on the polarization of radiation from stars, X-ray binary systems, new and supernovae, white dwarfs and nuclei of active galaxies. He showed the absence of any noticeable synchrotron component in the radiation of red dwarf stars. In R-type stars, SGV discovered the effect of dust particle growth on color variations and linear polarization of these stars at minimum brightness, proposed a direct method for estimating powder size, and successfully applied this concept to the Kuvano-Honda peculiar object interpretation.
He proposed a new physically substantiated approximation of the dependences of the degree of linear interstellar polarization on the wavelength in the wavelength range from 0.2 to 4 microns, which has certain advantages over the previously widely used Serkovsky formula.
Together with N.M. Shakhovsky obtained evidence of stable rotation of the plane of polarization in OJ 287 in 1994-1996, which directly indicates the spiral structure of the magnetic field in the jet and the possibility of long-term preservation of the topology of the magnetic field.
Since 2005 he has been conducting photometric studies of Seifert galaxies and afterglow of space gamma-ray bursts in the framework of international projects.
Yu.S. Efimov discovered variations in the color and polarization of stellar radiation associated with the formation of dust shells in circumstellar space, which made it possible to directly determine the size of dust particles.
Together with the staff of the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Institute of Astronomy of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, he conducted polarization studies of asteroids and comets. He made a significant contribution to solving the problems of origin and the evolution of the solar system, the problem of asteroid danger, monitoring of Earth's climate change and environmental control of the Earth's atmosphere. For this work in 2010 he was among the co-authors awarded the State Prize of Ukraine in the field of science and technology.
Asteroid 8781 "Yurka" was named in honor of the astronomer. He is the author of more than 200 works published in the world's leading astronomical journals. He was a member of the International Astronomical Union, European-Asian, Russian and Ukrainian astronomical associations.
Main publications:
1. Low Resolution Spectropolarimeter/Gershberg R.E., Efimov Yu. S., Shakhovskoy N. M.,Ivanov Yu. S. // Abstracts NATO ASI on Photopolarimetry in Remote Sensing and Workshop on Remote Sensing Techniques and Instrumentation: International Cooperation, Yalta, Ukraine, 20 September to 4 October 2003 .-USA: ArmyReseach Laboratory, 2003,-P.35
2. Изменения фотометрических и колориметрических характеристик эруптивных звёзд на стадии формирования околозвёздных пылевых оболочек .PU Vul во время глубокого минимума 1980 года./Ефимов Ю. С.//Астрон. ж., 1988, 65, №4, С. 807-815
3. Vol'vach, A.E.; Vol'vach, L.N.; Kut'kin, A.M.; Larionov, M.G.; Villata, M.; Panteri, K.M.; Lahteenmaki, A.; Tornikoski, M.; Savolainen, P.; Tammi, G.; Aller, A.F.; Aller, H.D.; Sergeev, S.G.; Doroshenko, V.T.; Efimov, Yu.S.; Klimanov, S.A.; Nazarov, S.V.; Borman, G.V.; Pushkarev, A.B.; Zhdanov, V.I.; Fedorova, E.V.; Vavilova, I.B. ; Chesnok, N.G. Multi-frequency studies of the non-stationary radiation of the blazar 3C 454.3. Astronomy Reports, Volume 55, Issue 7, p. 608-615 (2011).
4. Вольвач А.Е., Ларионов М.Г., Вольвач Л.Н., Кутькин А.М., Виллата М., Раитери К. М., Лахтеенмаки А., Торникоски М., Саволаинен П., Тамми Дж., Аллер М.Ф., Аллер Х.Д., Сергеев С.Г., Дорошенко В.Т., Ефимов Ю.С., Климанов С.А., Назаров С.В., Борман Г.В., Пушкарев А.Б., Жданов В.И., Федорова Е.В., Вавилова И.Б., Чеснок Н.Г. Вспышечная активность блазара 3С454.3 в период 2004– 2010 гг. от гамма- до радиодиапазонов длин волн. Космическая наука и технология, том 17, № 2, с.68-76 (2011).
Sources:
1 Реферативный журнал. 51 астрономия., М.: ВИНИТИ, 1988, №12, С.105
2 Комберг Б.В., Репин С.В. Звездные Острова Вселенной с релятивистскими ”гейзерами“ в центрах. (Галактики на ”рабочем столе“.) – М.: Янус-К, 2014. – 312 с.-С. 92, 93
3 Астрономы России 1917-2017/ науч. ред. А.М.Черепащук, Казань, Казан. фед. ун-т, 2017.- 568с- C.168
4 Крымская астрофизическая обсерватория.Открытия, сделанные в обсерватории
