Knorre Viktor Karlovich General data:
04.10.1840 - 25.12.1919
Place of birth: Mykolaiv city, Novorossian province, Russian Empire
Studied in: Friedrich Wilhelm Berlin University, German Confederation (since 1990 Humboldt Berlin University, Federal Republic of Germany) (1862-1866);
Key interests: celestial mechanics, minor bodies of the Solar System, observational astronomy, instruments and devices
Biography:
He was born in September 22 (according by Julian calendar and October 4 by Gregorian calendar) 1840 in Nikolaev city of Novorossian province of the Russian Empire in Karl Knorre Khristoforovich's family who was director of the Naval Observatory and who had a large family: 11 children and 5 daughters from three marriages. He was 5 K. Knorre child from his second marriage. Daria V. Diterihs was his mother.
His father took care of proper education son, sending him to study in the city Felling in Livonia (now Viljandi in Estonia). As a private school Gustav Max Schmidt received complete secondary education and 6 of his brothers. After graduation he returned to Nikolayev city, where for two years working as an assistant to his father of the Naval Observatory. He participated in observations of the coverings of stars from the constellation Pleiades in 1859, the coverage of Jupiter in 1860 and the passage of Mercury in 1861.
In 1862 he went to Germany, where he received a full astronomical education at the famous Berlin astronomer William Forster of Friedrich Wilhelm Berlin University. Here, under the guidance of his teacher from 1873 he is an observer at the Fraunhofer refractor in the Berlin Royal Observatory.
In Berlin he married Martoy Rothe. He lived a happy family life with his wife, but unfortunately they did not have children.
In 1867 graduate, returned to Russia, Pulkovo Observatory in working as an evaluator conducts astronomical research. During this period he carried out a number of trips for the purpose of inspection weather stations. In addition, conducts calculation of Terrestrial Magnetism. So in 1869 he accompanied the Swiss physicist and meteorologist Henry Vilda, director of "Central Physical Observatory" in St. Petersburg City.
In 1869 he moved to Nikolayev city, where he first taught his younger brothers and sisters and then gets local school teacher. Because of low wages had to move to Berlin, where had already moved his father.
Since 1873 he began working at the Berlin Observatory as second assistant astronomer-observer, devoting most of his time observing asteroids, comets and double stars. He opened 4 asteroids (minor planets): ¹158 Coronis in January 4, 1876, ¹215 Oenone in April 7, 1880, ¹238 Hypatia in July 1, 1884 and ¹271 Penthesilea in October 13, 1887 In 1892 he awarded the title of professor of astronomy despite the fact that he was a lecturer at Berlin University.
In 1906 he was retiring, he settled in the acquired estate in Gros Lihterfelde, near Berlin. He died December 25, 1919, seriously ill for 5 weeks before his death.
He is also known as a developer of original astronomical instruments described and principles of their work have been published many articles in the magazine "Astronomische Nachrichten». In particular, he developed a new micrometer under the name "deklinohraf" is used for observations of asteroids and calculate their orbits. He also developed the original telescope equatorial mount, type «Knorre & Heele», experienced option which was built by his account when he was retired. In 1909 and 1911 two his works were published on "equatorial telescope mount," which describes the model of the telescope.
He was quite famous in his time chess player. Among his achievements is victory over Adolf Anderssen, Louis Paulsen, Johann Gustav Neumann and Tsukertortom. However, after 1880 he played only amateur party.
The name of the dynasty of Knorre astronomers named minor planet of the solar system ¹14339 «Knorre."
Main publications:
1. Knorre V. Theorie des Äquatorials bis zu Gliedern zweiter Ordnung der Fehler der Aufstellung //Astronomische Nachrichten, 1912, volume 191, p.217
2. Knorre V. Montierung von Äquatorialen nach Knorre und Heele //Astronomische Nachrichten, 1911, volume 188, p.273
3. Knorre V. Montierung von Äquatorealen nach Knorre und Heele // Astronomische Nachrichten, 1909, volume 181, p.17
4. Knorre V. Montierung von Äquatorealen nach Knorre und Heele // Astronomische Nachrichten, 1908, volume 178, p.273
Sources:
1 ru.wikipedia.org
2 Èç èñòîðèè äèíàñòèè àñòðîíîìîâ Êíîððå / Ã. È. Ïèíèãèí//Èñòîðèêî-àñòðîíîìè÷åñêèå èññëåäîâàíèÿ, âûïóñê XXXV, Ì., Ôèçìàòëèò, 2010, - Ñ .102-137
3 gpedia.com
4 uk.wikipedia.org
