Ukrainian Virtual Observatory

Manjos Andriy Vladimirovich

General data:

24.11.1942 - 09.05.1997

Place of birth: Zhytomyr city, Zhytomyr region, Ukrainian SSR

Studied in: T. G. Shevchenko Kyiv Order of Lenin State University (since 1999 Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University) (1959-1965);

Key interests: astrophysics, cosmology, general theory of relativity, geodesy. PhD Thesis: Cosmological impact on island systems (1972 Інститут математики АН Українська РСР); ScD Thesis: Mutually coherent properties of radiation in gravitational-lens optics (1997 Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv University);

Biography:

He was born on November 24, 1942 in Zhytomyr city of Zhytomyr Region of Ukrainian SSR. The Manjos family is descended from the not rich nobles of the Zinkiv district of the Poltava province, the great-grandfather of A. V. Manjos, Ivan Fedorovich Manjos, the grandson of the regimental commander, in 1831-1832 was a cadet of the 5th Little Russian Cossack Regiment and participated in the campaign against the Poles. Parents of A. V. Manjos are Maria Semenovna Manjos (1904-1964) and Vladimir Pavlovich Amburger (1901-1979), a descendant of Germans who settled in the Russian Empire in the 18th century, a researcher at the Institute of Geology. Andrew Vladimirovich had his mother's surname.

In 1942, V.P. Amburger worked as the head of a granite quarry in Zhytomyr city. A year later, the front began to approach. In order to avoid inevitable repression, for quite understandable reasons - German origin, stay in the occupation, working for the Germans - V. P. Amburger takes his family (son, wife and her sister) to relatives in Germany. In Germany, the circumstances were such that V. P. Amburger and Maria Semenovna and their son Andrew met the end of the war in different occupation zones. Maria Semenovna with her sister and son were deported to the USSR on foot. A. V. Manjos never saw his father again, and due to the conditions of his residence in the USSR, he had no opportunity to correspond or communicate with him...

In the post-war years, the family of A. V. Manjos lived in Kyiv City.

In 1965, he graduated from the Order of Lenin Kyiv State University named after T. G. Shevchenko, where the young man entered the physics faculty after graduating from high school in 1959. In 1963, as a student, he decided to change his major from physics to astronomy, and took an academic leave to properly prepare for such a transition and to pass the Academic Distinction exams. In 1964, A. Manjos, under the guidance of the corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR H. S. Sahakyan, underwent an internship at the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR.

He worked at the Astronomical Observatory of the same university in various positions: in 1965, he held the position of senior researcher, and in 1987, he headed the department of astrophysics and solar physics.

In 1968-1971 pp. he was a graduate student at the astronomy department of the university. His scientific supervisor was Professor O. F. Bogorodskyi.

In 1972, he defended his PhD thesis "Cosmological influence on island systems" at the Institute of Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR.

He is a member of the relativistic astrophysics group created by O. F. Bogorodskyi in 1972, and after the founder's death he headed it.

In the early 90s pp. A. V. Manjos was invited as a visiting scientist to the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the Nizhnii Arkhyz village of Zelenchuk District, Karachay-Cherkessia Republic of Russia. He managed to interest his colleagues at the SAO RAS in the subject of gravitational lensing, which contributed to a long-term joint program of scientific research carried out at the 6th telescope.

In 1997, he defended his doctoral thesis "Intercoherent properties of radiation in gravitational-lens optics" at the Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv (according to other data at the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) in the specialty "astrophysics, radio astronomy".

He died on May 9, 1997 as a result of a sudden cardiovascular attack. A. V. Manjos is buried at the Baikovo cemetery.

Scientific research concerns the application of the general theory of relativity, the propagation of electromagnetic radiation in gravitational fields, the effects of gravitational cosmic lensing, and the observational foundations of cosmology. According to some data, he also investigated some issues of geodesy.

In the scientific work of A. V. Manjos, three main directions can be tentatively identified.

The first, early period, is associated with postgraduate studies and preparation of a candidate's thesis. In his dissertation work, A. V. Manjos singled out two parts. In the first, he considered the cosmological influence on limited (island) systems within the framework of the general theory of relativity. Along with Friedman's model, in which, as A. V. Manjos showed, there is no such influence, he analyzed Gödel's model and Heckman-Schüking cosmology. Note that the last two models are anisotropic. He then numerically estimated the likely cosmological effect on galaxies and their clusters, based on the assumed values of the cosmological anisotropy and rotation rate. At the same time, he concluded that such anisotropy does not make a significant contribution to the dynamics of galaxies and their clusters. As for the cosmological rotation, it does not affect the dynamics of galaxies, but it can significantly affect the dynamics of clusters and superclusters of galaxies. In the second part of the candidate thesis, A. V. Manjos investigated the isotropic cosmological model within the scalar-tensor theory of Jordan-Dicke-Brans.

The second direction was the search for large-scale anisotropy in the distribution of various cosmological structures. In 1977, he started the third cycle of research devoted to the problems of gravitational optics in joint scientific works with S. V. Khmil. In the performed works, the main attention was paid to the problem of the existence of image coherence in gravitational lens systems. Priority results were obtained and it was shown for the first time that in these systems, under certain conditions, the coherence can reach significant values that can be observed in principle. Such a real astrophysical situation is the case when the radiation source is crossed by the caustic of the gravitational lens, while the effect is significantly enhanced in the vicinity of the cusp of the caustic.

Main publications:
  1. Gregul A.Ya., Mandzhos A.V., Vavilova I.B. 1991, Astrophys. Space Sci., 185,223
  2. Mandzos A.V., Telnyuk-Adamchuk V.V., Gregul A.Ya. 1985, Sov.Astr.Lett. 11, 206
  3. Mandzos A.V., Gregul A.Ya. Izotova I. Yu., Telnyuk-Adamchuk V.V. 1987,AStroﬁsica, 26, 321,
  4. Gregul, A.Ia.; Mandzhos, A.V.; Vavilova, I.B. The existence of the structural anisotropy of the Jagiellonian field of the galaxies. Astrophysics and Space Science, vol. 185, no. 2, p. 223-235 (1991).

Sources:
  1 Астрономічна обсерваторія Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка. 160 років / відп. ред. В. М. Єфіменко. – Київ, 2005. – 260 с.- C.172-184
  2 Александров О., Ізотова І. Покликання та доля: до 75-річчя від дня народження А.В. Манджоса – Вісник Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка. Астрономія, №. 56, c. 55-59
  3 Українські фізики та астрономи. Посібник-довідник/Автор-укладач В. Шаронова.-Тернопіль: Підручники і посібники, 2007.-304 с.-С.206-207
  4 Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка. Кафедра астрономії та фізики космосу. Випускники