Rachkovsky Dmitry Nikolaevich General data:
26.08.1928 - 14.08.2013
Place of birth: Leningrad city, Leningrad region, Russian SSR
Studied in: A. A. Zhdanov Leningrad Order of Lenin State University (since 1991 St. Petersburg State University) (1948-1953);
PhD Thesis: The formation of absorption lines in the atmospheres of magnetic stars and the effects of magnetic rotation (1962 ); ScD Thesis: Formation of an absorption line in a magnetic field. Some questions of Rayleigh-type scattering (1998 Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine);
Biography:
He was born on August 26, 1928 in the Leningrad city of Leningrad region of the Russian SSR.
In 1953, he graduated from the A. A. Zhdanov Leningrad Order of Lenin State University, majoring in astronomy, which he entered in 1948.
Since 1953 to 2013, he worked at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in positions ranging from a junior researcher to a leading researcher.
During 1955-1958, he studied at the graduate school of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory.
In 1962 (according to other data in 1964) he defended his candidate's thesis "Formation of absorption lines in the atmospheres of magnetic stars and effects of magnetic rotation".
In 1998 (according to other data, in 1996 or 1995) he defended his doctoral dissertation in the form of a scientific report "Formation of an absorption line in a magnetic field. Some issues of Rayleigh-type scattering" at the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, majoring in "astrophysics, radio astronomy".
In the period 1980-1989, he headed the laboratory "Mathematical Methods of Processing Astrophysical Observations".
He died on August 14, 2013 in the Nauchniy village.
The main scientific works belong to the field of theoretical astrophysics. He is a co-author of a new direction in the theory of transfer of polarized radiation in spectral lines in a magnetic field. Correctly formulated the vector equation of radiation transfer in a spectral line in a plasma with a magnetic field, taking into account polarization, anomalous dispersion and scattering under the assumption of complete frequency redistribution. This equation was named Uno-Rachkovsky. Proposed and implemented in the form of computer programs the methods of solving the equation and calculating the Stokes parameters of radiation emanating from the atmosphere and internal radiation. He carried out numerous programs for the study of magnetic fields on the Sun, in particular, based on observations made at the Crimean Observatory. Found a convenient factorization of the matrix of molecular (Rayleigh with depolarization) scattering; on this basis, he proposed an effective method for calculating source functions and radiation output for various primary sources. Created a calculation method and calculated the polarization of radiation in the wings of Fraunhofer lines. He carried out a theoretical study of the Hanle effect, which allows to obtain estimates of a weak magnetic field that cannot be measured by a magnetograph. Proposed a new formulation of the radiation scattering matrix in a weak magnetic field. The scientist showed that when observing scattered light in the solar atmosphere with a magnetic field directed perpendicular to the atmosphere, the Hanle effect is absent. He also showed that in strong magnetic fields the phase matrix depends only on the direction of the magnetic field relative to the main coordinate system.
He performed a number of works on calculations and ground research of optical systems of space telescopes. As the head of the laboratory, he developed and implemented methods of computer processing of observation data. Created a number of programs for the analysis of periodic processes occurring in the atmosphere of the Sun and stars.
He was awarded the Badge "For scientific achievements" of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.
Main publications:
1. The helioseismology experiment on the Phobos planetary mission. Preliminary results / C. Frohlich, R. M. Bonnet, A. V. Bruns,.. V. A. Kotov, D. N. Rachkovskii et al. // Bull. of the Crimean Astrophys. Obs.- 1991.- Vol. 83.– P. 18 – 26
2. Гелиосейсмологический эксперимент на межпланетной станции «Фобос»: предварительные результаты / К. Фрелих, Р. М. Боннэ, А. В. Брунс,.. В. А. Котов, Д. Н. Рачковский и др. // Изв. Крым. астрофиз. обс.– 1991.– Т. 83.– С. 22 – 33.– Библиогр. : C. 33.
3. Рачковский Дмитрий Николаевич. Образование линии поглощения в магнитном поле. Некоторые вопросы рассеяния релеевского типа : Дис... в форме науч. доклада д-ра физ.-мат. наук: 01.03.02 / Санкт-Петербургский гос. ун-т. — СПб, 1995. — 61 с.
Sources:
1 Астрономы России 1917-2017/ науч. ред. А.М.Черепащук, Казань, Казан. фед. ун-т, 2017.- 568с- C. 398
