Rudneva Eugene Maksymivna General data:
24.12.1920 - 09.04.1944
Place of birth: Berdyansk city, Katerynoslav province, Ukrainian SSR
Studied in: Moscow State University ( since 1940 M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University) (1938-1941);
Key interests: solar physics, variable stars, solar corona
Biography:
She was born on December 24, 1920 (according to other data, on May 24, 1921) in the Berdyansk city of Katerynoslav province of the Ukrainian SSR (since 1939, Zaporizhia region of the Ukrainian SSR) in the family of a civil servant.
In 1930, she moved with her parents to the Moscow region. She lived in the Saltykovka village, the Babushkin city of Moscow Region, Russian SSR. After graduating from high school in 1938, she entered the mechanical and mathematical faculty of Moscow State University. Studied at the Astronomical Department of the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics. Before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War of the USSR against fascist Germany, which is part of World War II, she completed 3 courses.
In 1938 (according to other sources, in 1937) she started working in the All-Union Astronomical Geodetic Society in the Sun department, and the very next year she was elected the head of this department. At the same time, she also worked in the variable stars department, with enthusiasm, often at night, continuously observing at the observatory on Presna. In 1939, Ye.M. Rudneva's first scientific article was published in the "Bulletin of the All-Union Astronomical and Geodetic Society" No. 3: "Biological observations during the solar eclipse of June 19, 1936." In 1939, she became an employee of the P.K. Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, worked as a laboratory assistant ( she helped with observations and processing of the obtained materials in the Department of the Sun under the leadership of E.Ya. Bugoslavska and in the Department of Variable Stars (under the leadership of P.P. Parenago). She was a student of Professor S.N. Blazhko.
In October 1941, on the mobilization of the Central Committee of the VLKSM, the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army joined the ranks. She graduated from the accelerated navigator course at the Engels Aviation School. Participant in the German-Soviet War since May 27, 1942. As part of the 46th Guards (588th) Night Bomber Aviation Regiment, she worked her way up from the navigator of the aviation squadron to the navigator of the aviation regiment. She fought on the Southern, North Caucasian and 4th Ukrainian fronts.
During the period of hostilities, the Po-2 made 645 combat sorties with 796 flight hours. She was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Patriotic War 1st degree, the Red Star and medals.
On the night of April 9, 1944, while performing a combat mission to destroy motor-mechanized columns and enemy manpower north of Kerch, she died. She was buried in the hero city of Kerch at the Military Memorial Cemetery. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated October 26, 1944, for the excellent leadership and training of the navigational staff, the execution of 645 night combat sorties with high efficiency and the courage, heroism and bravery shown at the same time, the navigator of the Guard Aviation Regiment, Senior Lieutenant E. M. Rudneva was posthumously awarded awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In 1976, minor planet No. 1907, discovered by N. S. Chernykh in Naukovo urban village 1972-09-11, was named "Rudneva".
Sources:
1 ru.wikipedia.org
2 Àñòðîíîìû Ðîññèè 1917-2017/ íàó÷. ðåä. À.Ì.×åðåïàùóê, Êàçàíü, Êàçàí. ôåä. óí-ò, 2017.- 568ñ- C.403
3 uk.wikipedia.org
4 Êðàâöîâà (Ìåêëèí) Í. Øòóðìàí ïîëêà // Ãåðîèíè: î÷åðêè î æåíùèíàõ — Ãåðîÿõ Ñîâåòñêîãî Ñîþçà / ðåä.-ñîñò. Ë. Ô. Òîðîïîâ; ïðåäèñë. Å. Êîíîíåíêî. — Âûï. 2. — Ì.: Ïîëèòèçäàò, 1969. — 463 ñ.
