Deitch Alexander Nikolaevich General data:
31.12.1899 - 22.11.1986
Place of birth: Reni city, Kherson province, Russian Empire
Studied in: Saratov State University (N. G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State University) (1919); Leningrad State University (since 1991 St. Petersburg State University) (1923-1924);
Key interests: stellar dynamics, minor bodies of the Solar System, AGNs, space missions, solar corona, reference systems. PhD Thesis: The degree of Candidate of Sciences was awarded for a set of works (1935 );
Biography:
He was born on December 31, 1899 in the Reni city of Kherson province of the Russian Empire (now - Odessa region of Ukraine).
After graduating from high school, he entered the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Saratov State University (now M. G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State University).
In May 1919 he was mobilized to the Red Army.
Since 1920 he worked as a laboratory assistant at the Military Economic Academy of the Red Army in Petrograd city and taught mathematics in the preparatory department. In 1923 he was demobilized.
In 1924 he graduated from Leningrad State University.
During 1923-1986 he worked at the Pulkovo Observatory.
In 1935 he was awarded the degree of Candidate of Sciences for a set of works.
In particular, together with E. Ya. Perepelkin in 1931-1932 he performed measurements and processing of images of selected sites of Captain in order to study the own motions of stars.
In 1941, he defended his doctoral dissertation based on a study of 18,000 of his own motions of stars in the fields of Captain.
Since 1936 he led a group of photographic astrometry.
During 1945-1973 he worked as the head of the department of photographic astrometry and stellar astronomy.
During the Great Patriotic War since September 1941 to February 1942, which was part of World War II, he served as director of the observatory. Through the efforts of A. N. Deich and his staff, many tools, books of the library fund and materials of the glass library were saved.
On November 22, 1986, the professor died.
The main scientific works of A. N. Deich belongs to photographic astrometry and stellar astronomy. He also participated in expeditions to observe total solar eclipses in 1927, 1936, 1945 and in two expeditions to determine the longitudes of Sverdlovsk city, Tbilisi city in 1930 and Arkhangelsk city in 1932. In 1929 he discovered the asteroid 1148 Rarahu. Participated in the study of unique material for observing the solar corona on June 19, 1936. In the late 1950's he developed a method for determining the coordinates of an artificial satellite of the Earth. Contributed by A. N. Deich in the creation of an inertial coordinate system was the implementation of the idea of B. P. Gerasimovich and N. I. Dniprovsky on determining the absolute proper motions of stars with reference to galaxies. The program, set out in a report to the VIII Congress of the International Astronomical Union in Rome in 1952, was adopted as international. For many years, A. N. Deitch supervised this work, which was carried out at 4 Soviet and 7 foreign observatories.
In the early 1970s, he organized work to engage the observations of quasars to solve problems to determine the absolute natural motions of stars. His work "Core of Galaxies", published in 1966, also allowed us to draw preliminary conclusions about the physical nature of these objects. He studied the long-term lava of Pulkov's observations of the 61st Swan star, put forward a hypothesis about its possible satellites of substellar nature with periods of 6 and 12 years. (News MAO USSR 1951, 1957; PAGE 1978).
Author of more than 120 scientific papers, one of the authors of the famous Pulkovo "Course of Astrophysics and Star Astronomy". During 1936-1981 he taught the courses "Photographic Astrometry", "Double Stars" and "Approximate Calculations" at Leningrad University. From 1932 he taught a course in naval astronomy at the M. V. Frunze Naval Academy for several years.
For two terms he was President of the ¹24 Commission on Photographic Astrometry of the International Astronomical Union during 1961-1966.
The small planet was discovered by L.I. Chernikh in 1968 at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, named in 1792 Reni, in honor of the birthplace of A. N. Deycha.
Main publications:
1. Äåé÷ À. Í. ßäðà ãàëàêòèê, 1966
Sources:
1 Àñòðîíîìû Ðîññèè 1917-2017/ íàó÷. ðåä. À.Ì.×åðåïàùóê, Êàçàíü, Êàçàí. ôåä. óí-ò, 2017.- 568ñ- C.138
2 ÏÅÐÅϨËÊÈÍ Åâãåíèé ßêîâëåâè÷//Àñòðîíîìû Ðîññèè 1917-2017/ íàó÷. ðåä. À.Ì.×åðåïàùóê, Êàçàíü, Êàçàí. ôåä. óí-ò, 2017.- 568ñ- C.363
