Zarudny Viktor Ivanovich General data:
06.03.1828 - 15.06.1897
Place of birth: Andriyivka village, Izium district, Kharkiv province, Russian Empire
Studied in: Marine noble cadet corps, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (1843-1847);
Key interests: mathematisc, astronomy
Biography:
He was born on March 6, 1828 in the Andriyivka village of Izium district of Kharkiv province of the Russian Empire in the family of a retired lieutenant. He comes from the Ukrainian Cossack noble officers and nobility of the Zaporozhian army and the Russian Empire.
Since childhood he was fascinated by books on history and geography, telling about the famous sailors of the past: Cook, LaPerouse and, apparently not without their influence, he dreamed of a maritime profession.
In 1843 he joined the St. Petersburg Naval Cadet Corps, after which in 1847 he was sent to the Black Sea Fleet, where the tender "Quick" together with the future Admiral G. I. Butakov surveyed the Black Sea coast to compile a Black Sea lotion. In 1850 he was transferred to the Baltic Fleet, where he participated in hydrographic work under the direction of the Russian hydrographer M. F. Reineke.
At the end of 1852 the lieutenant was again transferred to the Black Sea Fleet, and in 1853, on the recommendation of Admiral V. A. Kornilov, he was appointed to Nikolaev city, where he became a teacher of mathematics and astronomy in the cadet classes.
In 1857 he was sent to England to replenish the stock of tools for the workshops of the port of Nikolaev city. Along the way, he got acquainted with the popular in those years the system of primary education Froebel, which on his return to Nikolaev city, was introduced by him in the founded by him together with the sisters A. I. and S. I. Ilya's school, known as the "Hummus School". He ruled it until 1863.
During a visit to Nikolaev city in 1858 by His Imperial Highness Admiral General, the Grand Duke, being extremely pleased with the Ilyins' school in Nikolaev city, invited Zarudny V. I. to become the educator of the Grand Duke's children, but he resolutely refused such a high honor.
In Nikolaev city he read some public lectures on cooperative business, managed to excite in a local society interest in this business and became the founder of the Nikolaev "society of saving and acquisition" - the first in the Russian empire cooperative society. A passionate lover of botany and gardening was one of the organizers of the Nikolaev branch of the Imperial Society of Horticulture.
In November 1860, the lieutenant captain was appointed assistant chief of the hydrographic unit in Nikokolaev city. In January 1863 he became chief of the hydrographic unit in Mykolayiv and part-time director of the lighthouses of the Black Sea Fleet. They developed a system of lighthouse lighting on the shores of the Black Sea, which was highly praised by sailors.
During 1871-1880, Captain of the 1st rank simultaneously served as director of lighthouses, chief of the hydrographic unit, and chief of the Black Sea Hydrographic Expedition. The result of his work on the Black and Azov Seas were wonderful tablets, atlases and maps. At the same time, they created an effective system of lighthouse lighting in these seas.
Tense work schedule and extremely responsible attitude V. I. Zarudny to his duties with fanatical perseverance led to a mental disorder and in 1886 he was placed in the psychiatric hospital of Wincendorf near Vienna. A few months later he almost completely regained his mental health, but due to age, was not able to fully recover for active work and in March 1888 he was dismissed with the rank of Vice Admiral.
On June 15, 1897, in Kharkiv city, the Vice Admiral died and was buried in the Ioanno-Usiknovensky Cemetery.
Sources:
1 Íèêîëàåâñêèå àäìèðàëû, ×àñòü 7 (Ç-È), Â. Í. Õðèñòåíêî
2 Çàðóäí³
3 Çàðóäíûå (äâîðÿíñêèé ðîä)
